diff --git a/lib/metadata/metadata_service.dart b/lib/metadata/metadata_service.dart
index 072782f..b0c4158 100644
--- a/lib/metadata/metadata_service.dart
+++ b/lib/metadata/metadata_service.dart
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import '../database/song_database.dart';
 import 'metadata_model.dart';
 import 'metadata_reader.dart';
 import 'metadata_normalizer.dart';
+import 'metadata_stability.dart';
 import 'metadata_cache.dart';
 import 'file_provider.dart';
 import '../utils/artwork_helper.dart';
@@ -128,9 +129,15 @@ class MetadataService {
     final candidate = _normalizer.evaluate(normalized, history);
     final finalMetadata = _normalizer.decide(candidate);
 
-    // 7. 与已有记录合并
+    // 7. 与已有记录合并（一致性 + 次数由状态机决定）
     final prevConfidence = (dbSong?['confidence'] as num?)?.toDouble() ?? 0.0;
-    final validationCount = ((dbSong?['validation_count'] as int?) ?? 0) + 1;
+    final decision = MetadataStability.decide(
+      previous: dbSong,
+      candidate: candidate,
+      title: finalMetadata.title,
+      artist: finalMetadata.artist,
+    );
+    final validationCount = decision.validationCount;
     final useNew = dbSong == null || candidate.confidence >= prevConfidence;
     final effectiveConfidence =
         useNew ? candidate.confidence : prevConfidence;
@@ -144,8 +151,9 @@ class MetadataService {
           await ArtworkHelper.saveArtwork(finalMetadata.artwork!, songKey);
     }
 
-    final status =
-        (effectiveConfidence >= 0.6 && validationCount >= 2) ? 'verified' : 'pending';
+    final status = decision.status;
+    debugPrint('🧭 [MetadataService] 状态机: ${decision.reason} → $status'
+        '（validations=$validationCount）');
 
     final row = <String, dynamic>{
       'song_key': songKey,
diff --git a/lib/metadata/metadata_stability.dart b/lib/metadata/metadata_stability.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eefad75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/metadata/metadata_stability.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// lib/metadata/metadata_stability.dart
+import 'metadata_model.dart';
+
+/// 状态机判定结果
+class StabilityDecision {
+  /// 'verified' | 'pending'
+  final String status;
+  final String reason;
+  final int validationCount;
+
+  const StabilityDecision({
+    required this.status,
+    required this.reason,
+    required this.validationCount,
+  });
+
+  bool get isVerified => status == 'verified';
+}
+
+/// 元数据状态机：决定一条记录能不能升级为 verified。
+///
+/// 第 2 步的规则是"置信度 >= 0.6 且验证次数 >= 2"，太粗暴：
+/// 两次读到的是不同结果也会被当成"验证通过"。这里加入一致性检查——
+///
+///   - 首次见到 → pending（需要第二次确认）
+///   - 与上次记录冲突（标题或艺术家明显不同）→ 次数重置为 1，继续 pending
+///   - 一致且次数 >= 2、置信度达标 → verified
+///   - 置信度不足 → pending
+///
+/// 这样一次误读不会把错误标签固化，下次播放会重新校正。
+class MetadataStability {
+  static const double threshold = 0.6;
+
+  static StabilityDecision decide({
+    required Map<String, dynamic>? previous,
+    required CandidateMetadata candidate,
+    required String title,
+    required String artist,
+  }) {
+    if (previous == null) {
+      return const StabilityDecision(
+        status: 'pending',
+        reason: 'first_seen',
+        validationCount: 1,
+      );
+    }
+
+    final prevConfidence =
+        (previous['confidence'] as num?)?.toDouble() ?? 0.0;
+    final prevTitle = previous['title'] as String? ?? '';
+    final prevArtist = previous['artist'] as String? ?? '';
+    final prevCount = (previous['validation_count'] as int?) ?? 0;
+
+    final consistent = _similar(prevTitle, title) && _similar(prevArtist, artist);
+    if (!consistent) {
+      return const StabilityDecision(
+        status: 'pending',
+        reason: 'conflict',
+        validationCount: 1,
+      );
+    }
+
+    final count = prevCount + 1;
+    final best = candidate.confidence > prevConfidence
+        ? candidate.confidence
+        : prevConfidence;
+
+    if (best < threshold) {
+      return StabilityDecision(
+        status: 'pending',
+        reason: 'low_confidence',
+        validationCount: count,
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (count < 2) {
+      return StabilityDecision(
+        status: 'pending',
+        reason: 'need_second_validation',
+        validationCount: count,
+      );
+    }
+
+    return StabilityDecision(
+      status: 'verified',
+      reason: 'stable',
+      validationCount: count,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// 字段缺失不算冲突；只有两边都有值且不同才算。
+  static bool _similar(String a, String b) {
+    final left = a.trim().toLowerCase();
+    final right = b.trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (left.isEmpty || right.isEmpty) return true;
+    return left == right;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/metadata_stability_test.dart b/test/metadata_stability_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db659e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/metadata_stability_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+// test/metadata_stability_test.dart
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:qingting_player/metadata/metadata_model.dart';
+import 'package:qingting_player/metadata/metadata_stability.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  CandidateMetadata candidate({double confidence = 0.8}) => CandidateMetadata(
+        metadata: const NormalizedMetadata(title: '夜曲', artist: '周杰伦'),
+        confidence: confidence,
+      );
+
+  group('MetadataStability', () {
+    test('首次见到 → pending，次数 1', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: null,
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: '夜曲',
+        artist: '周杰伦',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'pending');
+      expect(d.reason, 'first_seen');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 1);
+    });
+
+    test('第二次结果一致且置信度达标 → verified', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': '夜曲',
+          'artist': '周杰伦',
+          'confidence': 0.8,
+          'validation_count': 1,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: '夜曲',
+        artist: '周杰伦',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'verified');
+      expect(d.reason, 'stable');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 2);
+    });
+
+    test('标题或艺术家冲突 → 次数重置为 1，保持 pending', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': '夜曲',
+          'artist': '周杰伦',
+          'confidence': 0.9,
+          'validation_count': 5,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: '完全不同的歌',
+        artist: '别的歌手',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'pending');
+      expect(d.reason, 'conflict');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 1);
+    });
+
+    test('置信度不足 → pending，但次数继续累计', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': '夜曲',
+          'artist': '周杰伦',
+          'confidence': 0.4,
+          'validation_count': 3,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(confidence: 0.5),
+        title: '夜曲',
+        artist: '周杰伦',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'pending');
+      expect(d.reason, 'low_confidence');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 4);
+    });
+
+    test('一致但只验证过一次 → pending', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': '夜曲',
+          'artist': '周杰伦',
+          'confidence': 0.8,
+          'validation_count': 0,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: '夜曲',
+        artist: '周杰伦',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'pending');
+      expect(d.reason, 'need_second_validation');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 1);
+    });
+
+    test('字段缺失不算冲突（旧记录没有艺术家）', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': '夜曲',
+          'artist': '',
+          'confidence': 0.7,
+          'validation_count': 1,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: '夜曲',
+        artist: '周杰伦',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'verified');
+      expect(d.validationCount, 2);
+    });
+
+    test('大小写与首尾空格不影响一致性判断', () {
+      final d = MetadataStability.decide(
+        previous: {
+          'title': ' Night Song ',
+          'artist': 'JAY',
+          'confidence': 0.8,
+          'validation_count': 1,
+        },
+        candidate: candidate(),
+        title: 'night song',
+        artist: 'jay',
+      );
+      expect(d.status, 'verified');
+    });
+  });
+}